Erneo B. O, Akol D.A, and Serafino M. A.
Abstract:
A 3-month cross-sectional study was conducted at the Gumbo slaughter place, South Sudan to determine prevalence rate and assess economic loss due to hydatidosis. Routine pre-slaughter examinations and meat inspection of a total 4,989 animals was carried out.199 various visceral organs of slaughtered animals were infected with Hydatidosis forming a prevalence of 3.99 %. The mean prevalence showed 3.94%, 6.99% and 2.74% for cattle, sheep and goats, respectively. The relative prevalence of hydatid cysts in liver, lungs, spleen, heart and kidneys was 53.27%, 44.22%, 1.51%, 1.0% and 0.0%, respectively. Hence, liver and lungs showed the highest rate of organ condemnations. Nilotic indigenous cattle showed a prevalence of 5.74% compared to 2.0 % in the exotic Ankole cattle breed. This might be due to grazing on free range and intimate association with domestic dogs. No significant differences (P>0.05) was shown in the prevalence of hydatidosis in November (4.3%), December (4.4%) and January (3.2%). The sex-based prevalence showed higher rate in male cattle (4.11%) than in female cattle (3.65%). Similarly, male sheep and of goats showed no significant differences rate of 5.31 and 3.97% (P>0.05) compared to female sheep 4.88 and of goats 2.96 %, respectively. Age-based results showed higher prevalence rate in adult cattle 3.93 % than in young ones 2.39%. Similarly, adult sheep and of goats showed the prevalence of 5.26 % and 3.83% compared to young ones of 4.72 and 2.64%, respectively. The economic loss due to condemnation of 199 organs of cattle, sheep and goats using retail market price during the study period amounted to 6,032 South Sudanese pound (SSP) equivalent to US$ 2,035.77 (One American dollar = 2.963 SSP). Hydatidosis is highly prevalent in sheep causing economic losses in animals in South Sudan. Development of socioeconomic and cultural conditions of community based-control strategies is imperative. Key stakeholders are urged to prevent the access of dogs to fresh offal and to impose hygienic disposal of condemned organs. Further studies are needed to determine genotypic characteristics of Echinococcus granulosus local strains in livestock, assess the indirect economic loss and investigate public health implication of hydatidosis in South Sudan.
Keywords: Prevalence; Economic Loss; Hydatidosis; Cattle, Sheep and Goats; South Sudan
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